Explain "equity" in the context of law.

Equity, in the context of law, refers to a branch of law that emphasizes fairness and justice. Unlike common law, which is strictly codified, equity allows for a more flexible approach to legal disputes, focusing on the spirit of the law rather than its letter. This is particularly important in cases where the strict application of legal rules would result in unjust outcomes.

Equity provides remedies such as injunctions, specific performance, and equitable estoppel, which are not typically available in common law. It originated to address situations where the rigid application of legal rules would fail to provide an adequate remedy, ensuring that justice is served according to the unique circumstances of each case. Thus, equity plays a crucial role in achieving just outcomes in the legal system.